Which condition is most commonly associated with spina bifida and often requires management with a shunt?

Which condition is most commonly associated with spina bifida and often requires management with a shunt?

• A. Hydrocephalus
• B. Meningitis
• C. Epilepsy
• D. Hypertension

Answer: (A)

Spina bifida, especially the more severe myelomeningocele form, often comes with hydrocephalus because impaired CSF flow and hindbrain herniation (Arnold-Chiari II malformation) lead to enlarged ventricles. The usual remedy is to divert CSF with a shunt, typically a ventriculoperitoneal shunt, to relieve increased pressure and protect brain function. Meningitis, epilepsy, and hypertension are not the typical CSF-flow problems that necessitate a shunt in this context, though they can occur separately. In practice, watch for signs of hydrocephalus such as rapid head growth or vomiting, and evaluate promptly for shunt placement.

Spina bifida, especially the more severe myelomeningocele form, often comes with hydrocephalus because impaired CSF flow and hindbrain herniation (Arnold-Chiari II malformation) lead to enlarged ventricles. The usual remedy is to divert CSF with a shunt, typically a ventriculoperitoneal shunt, to relieve increased pressure and protect brain function. Meningitis, epilepsy, and hypertension are not the typical CSF-flow problems that necessitate a shunt in this context, though they can occur separately. In practice, watch for signs of hydrocephalus such as rapid head growth or vomiting, and evaluate promptly for shunt placement.